1. Kuopsa kwa batri ya lithiamu ion
Lithium ion batire ndi gwero lamphamvu lamankhwala lomwe lingakhale lowopsa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake amthupi komanso mawonekedwe ake.
(1) Kuchita kwakukulu kwamankhwala
Lithium ndiye gawo lalikulu la gulu I mu gawo lachiwiri la tebulo la periodic, lomwe lili ndi mphamvu zama mankhwala.
(2) Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi
Mabatire a lithiamu ion ali ndi mphamvu zapadera kwambiri (≥ 140 Wh/kg), zomwe zimachulukitsa kangapo kuposa nickel cadmium, nickel hydrogen ndi mabatire ena apachiwiri.Ngati kuthawa kwa kutentha kwachitika, kutentha kwakukulu kumatulutsidwa, zomwe zingayambitse khalidwe losatetezeka.
(3) Landirani organic electrolyte system
The organic zosungunulira wa organic electrolyte dongosolo ndi hydrocarbon, ndi otsika kuwonongeka voteji, makutidwe ndi okosijeni mosavuta ndi zosungunulira kuyaka;Ngati kutayikira, batire imagwira moto, ngakhale kuyaka ndikuphulika.
(4) Kuthekera kwakukulu kwa zotsatirapo
Munthawi yogwiritsira ntchito batri ya lithiamu ion, kusinthika kwamphamvu pakati pa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi mphamvu zamagetsi kumachitika mkati mwake.Komabe, pamikhalidwe ina, monga kuchulukirachulukira, kutulutsa mopitilira muyeso kapena kupitilira apo, ndikosavuta kuyambitsa zochitika zamagulu mkati mwa batri;Pamene mbaliyo ikuwonjezereka, idzakhudza kwambiri ntchito ndi moyo wautumiki wa batri, ndipo ikhoza kutulutsa mpweya wochuluka, womwe ungayambitse kuphulika ndi moto pambuyo pa kupanikizika mkati mwa batri mofulumira, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto a chitetezo.
(5) Kapangidwe ka ma elekitirodi ndi osakhazikika
The overcharge anachita ya lifiyamu ion batire adzasintha dongosolo cathode chuma ndi kupanga zinthu kukhala amphamvu makutidwe ndi okosijeni tingati, kuti zosungunulira mu electrolyte adzakhala ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni wamphamvu;Ndipo zotsatira zake sizingasinthe.Ngati kutentha komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitikako kumachulukana, padzakhala chiopsezo choyambitsa kuthawa kwa kutentha.
2. Kuwunika kwamavuto achitetezo azinthu za batri ya lithiamu ion
Pambuyo pa zaka 30 za chitukuko cha mafakitale, mankhwala a batri a lithiamu-ion apita patsogolo kwambiri paukadaulo wachitetezo, amawongolera bwino zomwe zimachitika mu batri, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti batire ili ndi chitetezo.Komabe, monga mabatire a lithiamu ion amagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zawo kumakhala kokulirapo, pali zochitika zambiri monga kuvulala kwa kuphulika kapena kukumbukira zinthu chifukwa cha ngozi zomwe zingachitike m'zaka zaposachedwa.Tikuwona kuti zifukwa zazikulu zamavuto achitetezo azinthu za batri ya lithiamu-ion ndi izi:
(1) Vuto lalikulu
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zamagetsi zimaphatikizapo zinthu zabwino zogwira ntchito, zowonongeka zowonongeka, ma diaphragms, electrolytes ndi zipolopolo, ndi zina zotero.Posankha zinthu zabwino ndi zoipa zogwira ntchito ndi zida za diaphragm, wopangayo sanayese kuwunika kwina kwa mawonekedwe ndi kufananiza kwa zida zopangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha cell chikhale chochepa.
(2) Mavuto akupanga
Zopangira za selo sizimayesedwa mosamalitsa, ndipo malo opangira zinthu ndi osauka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zonyansa pakupanga, zomwe sizimangovulaza mphamvu ya batri, komanso zimakhudza kwambiri chitetezo cha batri;Kuonjezera apo, ngati madzi ochuluka akusakanikirana mu electrolyte, zotsatira za mbali zingatheke ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya mkati mwa batri, zomwe zidzakhudza chitetezo;Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa njira yopangira, panthawi yopanga magetsi, chinthucho sichingakwanitse kusasinthasintha, monga kusayenda bwino kwa matrix a electrode, kugwa kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito za electrode, kusakanikirana kwa zonyansa zina. zinthu zogwira ntchito, kuwotcherera kosatetezeka kwa cholumikizira cha elekitirodi, kutentha kosasunthika kwa kuwotcherera, ma burrs m'mphepete mwa chidutswa cha elekitirodi, komanso kusagwiritsa ntchito tepi yotchingira m'zigawo zazikuluzikulu, zomwe zitha kusokoneza chitetezo chapakati pamagetsi. .
(3) Kuwonongeka kwapangidwe kwapakati pamagetsi kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito achitetezo
Pankhani ya mapangidwe apangidwe, mfundo zambiri zofunika zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo sizinayankhidwe ndi wopanga.Mwachitsanzo, palibe tepi yotchinga pazigawo zazikuluzikulu, palibe malire kapena malire osakwanira omwe amasiyidwa pamapangidwe a diaphragm, kapangidwe ka kuchuluka kwa ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oyipa ndizosamveka, kapangidwe kagawo kagawo kabwino ndi koyipa kogwira. zinthu ndi zachabechabe, ndipo mapangidwe a lug kutalika n'zosamveka, amene akhoza kuika zoopsa zobisika chitetezo batire.Kuphatikiza apo, popanga selo, opanga ma cell ena amayesa kupulumutsa ndi kufinyira zida zopangira kuti apulumutse ndalama ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, monga kuchepetsa dera la diaphragm, kuchepetsa zojambulazo zamkuwa, zojambulazo za aluminiyamu, komanso osagwiritsa ntchito valavu yopumira kapena tepi yotsekera, yomwe ingachepetse chitetezo cha batri.
(4) Kuchulukana kwamphamvu kwambiri
Pakalipano, msika ukutsata zinthu za batri zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zambiri.Pofuna kuonjezera mpikisano wa mankhwala, opanga akupitiriza kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya batri ya lithiamu-ion, yomwe imawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha mabatire.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-06-2022