3. Ukadaulo wachitetezo
Ngakhale mabatire a lithiamu ion ali ndi zoopsa zambiri zobisika, pansi pamikhalidwe yeniyeni yogwiritsiridwa ntchito komanso ndi miyeso ina, amatha kuwongolera zochitika zam'mbali ndi machitidwe achiwawa m'maselo a batri kuti atsimikizire kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo motetezeka.Zotsatirazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule za matekinoloje angapo otetezedwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamabatire a lithiamu ion.
(1) Sankhani zida zokhala ndi chitetezo chapamwamba
Zida zabwino komanso zoyipa za polar, zida za diaphragm ndi ma electrolyte okhala ndi chitetezo chapamwamba azisankhidwa.
a) Kusankha zinthu zabwino
Chitetezo cha zida za cathode chimakhazikitsidwa makamaka pazigawo zitatu izi:
1. Thermodynamic bata la zipangizo;
2. Chemical bata wa zipangizo;
3. Thupi katundu wa zipangizo.
b) Kusankha zida za diaphragm
Ntchito yayikulu ya diaphragm ndikulekanitsa ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oyipa a batire, kupewa kuzungulira kwakanthawi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhudzana kwa ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oyipa, ndikupangitsa kuti ma ion a electrolyte adutse, ndiko kuti, ili ndi kutsekemera kwamagetsi ndi ion. conductivity.Mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kudziwidwa posankha diaphragm ya mabatire a lithiamu ion:
1. Imakhala ndi kusungunula kwamagetsi kuti iwonetsetse kudzipatula kwamagetsi kwa ma electrode abwino ndi oipa;
2. Lili ndi kabowo ndi porosity kuonetsetsa otsika kukana ndi mkulu ayoni madutsidwe;
3. Zida za diaphragm ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira za mankhwala ndipo ziyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri za electrolyte;
4. The diaphragm adzakhala ndi ntchito ya basi shutdown chitetezo;
5. Kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kusinthika kwa diaphragm kudzakhala kochepa momwe zingathere;
6. The diaphragm adzakhala ndi makulidwe akuti;
7. The diaphragm adzakhala ndi mphamvu zolimba thupi ndi mokwanira puncture kukana.
c) Kusankha electrolyte
Electrolyte ndi gawo lofunikira la batri ya lithiamu ion, yomwe imagwira ntchito yotumiza ndikuyendetsa pakalipano pakati pa ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oyipa a batri.Ma electrolyte omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabatire a lithiamu ion ndi njira ya electrolyte yomwe imapangidwa ndi kusungunula mchere woyenerera wa lithiamu mu organic aprotic mix solvents.Idzakwaniritsa zofunikira izi:
1. Kukhazikika kwamankhwala abwino, osachitapo kanthu ndi electrode yogwira ntchito, madzi osonkhanitsa ndi diaphragm;
2. Kukhazikika kwabwino kwa electrochemical, ndiwindo lalikulu la electrochemical;
3. High lithiamu ion conductivity ndi otsika magetsi madutsidwe;
4. Wide osiyanasiyana kutentha madzi;
5. Ndizotetezeka, zopanda poizoni komanso zachilengedwe.
(2) Limbikitsani dongosolo lonse lachitetezo cha selo
Selo ya batri ndi ulalo womwe umaphatikiza zida zosiyanasiyana za batri, ndikuphatikiza kwa mtengo wabwino, mzati woyipa, diaphragm, lug ndi filimu yonyamula.Mapangidwe a ma cell amakhudza magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso amakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a electrochemical komanso chitetezo cha batri.Kusankhidwa kwa zipangizo ndi mapangidwe a mapangidwe apakati ndi mtundu chabe wa ubale pakati pa dera ndi lonse.Popanga pachimake, njira yoyenera yopangidwira iyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe azinthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, zida zina zowonjezera zodzitchinjiriza zitha kuganiziridwa pakupanga batire ya lithiamu.Njira zodzitetezera zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
a) Chosinthacho chimatengedwa.Pamene kutentha mkati mwa batri kukwera, mtengo wake wotsutsa udzakwera moyenerera.Kutentha kukakhala kokwera kwambiri, magetsi adzayimitsidwa;
b) Khazikitsani valve yotetezera (ndiko kuti, mpweya wotuluka pamwamba pa batri).Pamene mphamvu ya mkati ya batri ikukwera ku mtengo wina, valavu yotetezera idzatsegula yokha kuti iwonetsetse chitetezo cha batri.
Nazi zitsanzo zamapangidwe achitetezo amtundu wamagetsi apakati:
1. Positive ndi zoipa pole mphamvu chiŵerengero ndi kapangidwe kagawo kagawo
Sankhani chiŵerengero choyenera cha ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oipa malinga ndi makhalidwe a zipangizo zabwino ndi zoipa electrode.Chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zabwino ndi zoipa electrode ya selo ndi ulalo wofunikira wokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mabatire a lithiamu ion.Ngati mphamvu yabwino ya elekitirodi ndi yayikulu kwambiri, zitsulo za lithiamu zimayikidwa pamwamba pa electrode yoyipa, pomwe mphamvu ya elekitirodi yolakwika ndi yayikulu kwambiri, mphamvu ya batire idzatayika kwambiri.Nthawi zambiri, N/P = 1.05-1.15, ndipo kusankha koyenera kudzapangidwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa batire ndi zofunikira zachitetezo.Zidutswa zazikulu ndi zazing'ono zidzapangidwa kuti malo a phala loipa (chinthu chogwira ntchito) atseke (kupitirira) malo a phala labwino.Nthawi zambiri, m'lifupi ayenera kukhala 1-5 mm kukula ndi kutalika 5-10 mm kukula.
2. Kuloledwa kwa diaphragm m'lifupi
Mfundo yayikulu ya kapangidwe ka diaphragm m'lifupi ndikuletsa kuzungulira kwamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cholumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oyipa.Pamene kutentha kwa kutentha kwa diaphragm kumayambitsa kusinthika kwa diaphragm m'litali ndi m'lifupi pamene batire ili kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa komanso pansi pa kutentha kwa kutentha ndi malo ena, kusungunuka kwa malo opindika a diaphragm kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mtunda pakati pa zabwino. ndi ma electrode negative;Kuthekera kwa kagawo kakang'ono kakang'ono m'dera lotambasula la diaphragm kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kupatulira kwa diaphragm;Kutsika m'mphepete mwa diaphragm kungayambitse kukhudzana kwachindunji pakati pa ma elekitirodi abwino ndi oipa ndi ma electrode amkati, zomwe zingayambitse ngozi chifukwa cha kutentha kwa batri.Chifukwa chake, popanga batri, mawonekedwe ake akuchepera ayenera kuganiziridwa pogwiritsira ntchito dera ndi m'lifupi mwa diaphragm.Kanema wodzipatula ayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa anode ndi cathode.Kuphatikiza pa zolakwika za ndondomekoyi, filimu yodzipatula iyenera kukhala yotalikirapo 0.1mm kuposa mbali yakunja ya chidutswa cha electrode.
3. Chithandizo cha insulation
Dera lalifupi lamkati ndilofunika kwambiri pakuwopsa kwachitetezo cha batri ya lithiamu-ion.Pali mbali zambiri zowopsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale gawo lalifupi lamkati pamapangidwe a cell.Choncho, miyeso yofunikira kapena kutchinjiriza ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pazifukwa zazikuluzikulu kuti mupewe kuzungulira kwapakati mu batire pansi pazikhalidwe zachilendo, monga kusungitsa katayanidwe koyenera pakati pa makutu abwino ndi oipa a elekitirodi;Tepi yotsekereza iyenera kuyikidwa pamalo osayika pakati pa mbali imodzi, ndipo mbali zonse zowonekera ziyenera kuphimbidwa;Tepi yotchinga iyenera kuyikidwa pakati pa zojambulazo za aluminiyamu zabwino ndi zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimagwira ntchito;The kuwotcherera mbali ya lug ayenera kwathunthu yokutidwa ndi insulating tepi;Tepi yotetezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa chigawo chamagetsi.
4.Kukhazikitsa valve yotetezera (chida chothandizira kupanikizika)
Mabatire a lithiamu ion ndi owopsa, nthawi zambiri chifukwa kutentha kwamkati kumakhala kokwera kwambiri kapena kupanikizika kumakhala kopitilira muyeso kupangitsa kuphulika ndi moto;Chipangizo chothandizira kupanikizika chikhoza kumasula mofulumira kuthamanga ndi kutentha mkati mwa batri ngati kuli koopsa, ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuphulika.Chipangizo chothandizira kupanikizika sichidzangokumana ndi mphamvu ya mkati mwa batri panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino, komanso kutseguka kuti mutulutse kupanikizika pamene mphamvu yamkati ikufika malire owopsa.Kuyika kwa chipangizo chothandizira kupanikizika kudzapangidwa poganizira mawonekedwe a deformation a chipolopolo cha batri chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwapakati;Mapangidwe a valve otetezeka amatha kuzindikirika ndi ma flakes, m'mphepete, seams ndi nick.
(3) Sinthani mulingo wa njira
Khama liyenera kupangidwa kuti likhale lokhazikika komanso lokhazikika pamapangidwe a selo.Pamasitepe osakaniza, kupaka, kuphika, compaction, slitting ndi mapindikidwe, kupanga muyezo (monga diaphragm m'lifupi, electrolyte jekeseni voliyumu, etc.), kusintha njira njira (monga kutsika jekeseni njira, centrifugal kulongedza njira, etc.) , kuchita ntchito yabwino pakuwongolera ndondomeko, kuonetsetsa kuti ndondomekoyi ndi yabwino, ndikuchepetsa kusiyana kwa zinthu;Khazikitsani masitepe apadera ogwirira ntchito pamasitepe ofunikira omwe amakhudza chitetezo (monga kuwotcherera chidutswa cha electrode, kusesa ufa, njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndi zina zambiri), gwiritsani ntchito kuwunika koyenera, kuchotsa mbali zolakwika, ndikuchotsa zinthu zomwe zili ndi vuto (monga kupunduka). electrode chidutswa, diaphragm puncture, yogwira zinthu kugwa, electrolyte kutayikira, etc.);Sungani malo opangira zinthu mwaukhondo komanso mwaukhondo, gwiritsani ntchito kasamalidwe ka 5S ndi 6-sigma kuwongolera khalidwe, kupewa zonyansa ndi chinyezi kusakanikirana popanga, komanso kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa ngozi popanga chitetezo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-16-2022